What happens during an amniocentesis?
An amniocentesis consists of inserting a long needle through the abdomen, through the uterus and into the amniotic sac surrounding the fetus for fluid aspiration. Only a small sample is required. The entire procedure is performed under close monitoring with an ultrasound machine to ensure the needle is being inserted in a safe place. The sample is sent to a laboratory to be analyzed. Results are usually obtained about two weeks after the procedure.
Who should consider an amniocentesis?
Women who are encouraged to have an amniocentesis are those who are older than 35, have a strong family history of genetic defects or abnormal results from other prenatal screenings. An amniocentesis procedure is completely voluntary. Some couples choose the procedure to prepare for special needs of the child if they do in fact have an abnormality. Other couples choose amniocentesis to plan a pregnancy termination.
When an amniocentesis is performed by a trained and experienced health care provider, the risks of the procedure are only slight. This includes: risk of infection, premature rupture of membranes and miscarriage.
After the amniocentisis:
Afterwards, women can expect some mild cramping and vaginal spotting. Women are generally instructed to take a few acetaminophens for discomfort. Pain greater than mild cramping, bleeding from the vaginal or a fever after the procedure warrants immediate contact of a health care provider.
Negative amniocentesis results are no guarantee that a baby will be born healthy. There is no prenatal test currently available that can guarantee this.
The decision to have an amniocentesis is a personal one. Any woman who is encouraged to have the procedure performed should speak with their doctor and become informed of all the risks and benefits associated with the test.
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