| Hormonal
Contraceptives |
| Drug |
Effectiveness |
Availability |
Protection
from STDs |
Return
of fertility after stopping use |
Oral
contraceptives
(estrogen & progestin cominantion pill) |
95%-99% |
prescription |
none |
varies
according to manufacturer |
Mini-pill
(progestin only pill) |
95%-99% |
prescription |
none |
varies
according to manufacturer |
Depo-Provera
(injections given in arm or buttocks every 3 months) |
99.7% |
prescription |
none |
may
take up to 18 months |
Ortho
Evra
(skin patch worn on the lower abdomen, buttocks, or upper
body - put on a new patch once a week for three weeks,
then do not wear a patch during the fourth week )
|
99% |
prescription |
none |
may
be some delay in fertility |
| Mirena
IUD
(small device shaped in a T placed inside the uterus
- releases small amounts of the hormone levonorgestrel) |
99% |
prescription |
none |
users
have same rate of fertility after removal as women using
no contraception |
| Non-hormonal
Contraceptives |
| Drug |
Effectiveness |
Availability |
Protection
from STDs |
Return
of fertility after stopping use |
Copper
IUD
(small device shaped in a T placed inside the uterus) |
99% |
prescription |
none |
immediate |
Male
Condom
(barrier method) |
86%-98% |
over
the counter |
yes |
immediate |
Female
Condom
(barrier method) |
79%-95% |
over
the counter |
may
provide some protection |
immediate |
Diaphragm
(barrier method) |
80%
- 94% |
prescription |
none |
immediate |
| Cervical
Cap
(barrier method) |
80%-90%
(for women who have not had children)
60%-80% (for women who have had children) |
prescription |
none |
immediate |
| Spermicide |
74%
- 94% |
over
the counter |
none |
immediate |
Fertility
Awareness
(Natural Family Planning) |
75%-99% |
n/a |
none |
immediate |
| Withdrawal |
81% |
n/a |
none |
immediate |
Male
sterilization
(vasectomy) |
99.5%
- 99.9% |
surgical |
none |
permanent
sterilization |
| Female
sterilization |
99.5% |
surgical |
none |
permanent
sterilization |
