ok, without reading all of the other (I'm sure) good advice, first...I'm going to go ahead and reply with my suggestions. If I'm repeating someone, I'm sorry.
4 months old or 14 years old...the best thing for dogs (especially medium to extra large breeds) is lots of exercise. Not a 20 minute walk around the neighborhood, or "letting them in the fenced in back yard" for a while. That just doesn't do it. Dogs need real exercise. A couple of walks a day for 45 minutes at a good pace...or (my favorite) talking them to the local doggy park for socialization and playing ball!
A tired dog is a good dog.
It's SOOO hard not to talk to puppies in those high pitched voices (unless of course your a man) but that encourages an excited response. Talking to them more like you would a young teenager who's a little outta hand, would be better. (unless you freak out on the teenager! lol then don't use that example) A slow, deep calm STRONG voice, giving the same command, so the dog understands "no jumping"
Also, when someone visits...have them step inside the door and stand still for a minute so the dog can sniff them. That's a NORMAL reaction between dogs...they normally don't jump all over each other when they first meet, they will each stand rather still, and sniff sniff sniff...THEN normally walk away or engage in some manner.
The couch... This is a suggestion. Put a blanket on the seat of the couch, and then find a cheap couch cover, until your puppy is fully trained. Now, for training...diligence. If the dog gets on the couch, jump up, walk over, say "No" or what ever your command is, and put the dog on the floor. Stand over the dog. Always show dominance. It may or may not sink in fast. Some dogs are quicker than others...just like people lol!
Potty Training:
Your dog is a puppy. Again, some dogs take longer than others. The easiest way to potty train, in my opinion, is to not free feed/water in the beginning. The puppy should be taken tinkle around 15 to 30 minutes after a drink. It should also be taken #2 around 30-45 minutes after eating. It needs to be taken out many MANY times a day. Do not discipline your dog for having accidents. If your dog is "going" grab it and run outside. If he's already gone...well, clean it up and use a good enzymes cleaner-so it won't return to that spot and do it again. When you do take your puppy potty after a drink or eating...while walking around with your dog have a chant "go potty" or "go to the bathroom" Something that you will say all the time, every time it's potty time. I, even, took a biscuit outside with me and after Soldier went potty, I would praise him and then make him sit and give him a biscuit. Soldier was completely potty trained by 6 1/2 weeks old this way. (he was adopted at 5 weeks old from a shelter) If you work, it's going to take longer. You should also implement a crate. A crate would only be the dogs safe space and bed. Not used for punishment. It will help the dog considerably. If you do work, have someone come to relieve the puppy every two hours, if possible, while it's a puppy.
Also, call a vet or pet store and find a reputable puppy trainer. The classes are not only great for teaching you how to teach your puppy, they are great for socializing
Don't give up, and don't 'Put' your dog out. Surely you knew a puppy, much less a doberman, was going to be a handful when you took ownership of it. You just need patience and diligence. A good puppy class will help tremendously
Do we have that reputation? 
the other girls. I have two dogs ~ one is 1 year and one is 8 months. I'm still working with them on that. We started right away. (Don't get me started on the well-intentioned people at the dog park that re-inforce the behaviour in Roxy.) 
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