I actually would venture to say that he does understand you...but at this age, they often just don't know how to change what they are doing or make better choices. They are so driven by experimentation and discovery that you saying "Desmond, magazines are not for eating" or "We drink from our cup, not throw it on the floor" holds so much less fun than finding out what will happen when he pitches that contraption on the floor and it makes a great big noise and people look at him and he sees some juice fly out all at the same time. Know what I mean?
I def think that redirection is the way to go. I would still tell him what/why you are doing. "Desmond, Mommy is taking these magazines away because they are not for eating and you can choke on them." That will at least start the conversation you can have later about why you don't do certain things. But at this age, it is just about finding something else he can do that is safe and almost as much fun. When he gets a little older he will figure out how to temper his behavior and you will see him making choices about things (my 2-year-old has recently started and it is nice to see all that explaining and talking when he was a baby paying off). But for now, you are best to validate (I know those magazines are fun to chew) and find a suitable alternative (This teething ring is fun to chew as well and you can't hurt yourself on it). It sounds like a mumbo-jumbo at first, but you will actually find yourself doing it subconsciously. And it works better for some kids than others. As for the temper tantrums...get used to them

They are gonna get so much worse! Lol. I know that is not what you want to hear. But they really will. Just make sure he is safe and knows you understand his anger. But they will be around for a while yet.